Comparative Analysis of Delivery of Primary Eye Care in Three European Countries .pdf
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3.2.3.2.
Opticians ................................................................................................................... 57
3.2.4. Organisation of primary eye care .................................................................................. 61
3.2.5. Organisation of secondary eye care .............................................................................. 65
3.3.
United Kingdom ..................................................................................................................... 66
3.3.1. Framework of eye care services .................................................................................... 69
3.3.2. Education of involved professionals .............................................................................. 75
3.3.2.1.
Optometrists ........................................................................................................... 75
3.3.2.2.
Dispensing Opticians .............................................................................................. 80
3.3.2.3.
Ophthalmic Medical Practitioners ....................................................................... 83
3.3.3. Scope of practice of involved professionals ................................................................. 86
3.3.3.1.
Optometrists ........................................................................................................... 87
3.3.3.2.
Dispensing Opticians .............................................................................................. 92
3.3.3.3.
Ophthalmic Medical Practitioners ....................................................................... 94
3.3.4. Organisation of primary eye care .................................................................................. 95
3.3.5. Organization of secondary eye care.............................................................................. 99
4.
Criterion-based comparison of the primary eye care systems of France, Germany
and the United Kingdom ............................................................................................................. 101
4.1.
Evaluation concerning structure, process and outcomes of primary eye care ...... 101
4.1.1. Criterion 1: Demographic development and future need for ophthalmic
care ..................................................................................................................................... 101
4.1.2. Criterion 2: Ratio of primary eye care providers to population .......................... 109
4.1.3. Criterion 3: Development of figures of primary eye care providers ................... 121
4.1.4. Criterion 4: Waiting times ............................................................................................ 126
4.1.5. Criterion 5: Protection of consumers ........................................................................ 129
4.1.6. Criterion 6: Quality of care........................................................................................... 136
4.2.
Financial and economic criteria ......................................................................................... 147
4.2.1. Criterion 7: Costs of eye examinations ..................................................................... 147
IV